missile systems technology is rapidly evolving,
Turning precision weapons into a key element of modern naval strategy
prevention. Today's military forces are not only seeking greater
fire power, but mainly more precision, low observation,
ability to survive in an intense air defence environment and launch flexibility.
Three special features of this new era are
South Korean ballistic missile Hyunmoo-4-4, the French naval missile
cruise SCALP Naval (MdCN) and Norwegian JSM-SL, the underwater version of Joint
Strike Missile. Although they differ in philosophy and operational role, all
They were designed around a common sense: the ability to strike accurately
Long range with high survival.
Hyunmoo 4–4 – South Korean Sea
prevent
Hyunmoo-4-4 is a ballistic missile launched by submarine (SLBM)
– Submarine Launched Ballistic Missile), developed by South Korea as
response to North Korea's growing strategic power. The first successful
test carried out in 2021 by Dosan Ahn Changho class submarine, event
which made South Korea the first non-nuclear country to acquire operational
SLBM capability.
The Hyunmoo 4-4 ballistic missile is essentially the submarine
Launched version of Hyunmoo 2B, an SRBM with conventional head and range
of the order of 500 km and a headweight of one tonne. The rocket.
uses solid fuel and has a high power conventional head.
Launched by vertical launchers of the KSS-III submarine using its method
Cold launch. The rocket was designed primarily for heavy destruction
fortified targets, such as underground command centers and missile installations.
The development of
Hyunmoo-4-4 is part of South Korea's strategy for:
- strengthening prevention,
- the possibility of an immediate response,
- a violation of strategic objectives in depth;
- survival of missile force through submarines.
Although it does not carry a nuclear warhead, major kinetic energy and heavy
warhead offer destruction potential corresponding to "bunker
buster" guns.
SCALP Naval (MdCN): The French maritime power cruise
Missiles
Unlike the airborne excipient where the gun's torso is
square cross section, the naval version has a cylindrical cross section. It's 6.5 long.
meters and weight 1400 kg of which 300 kg is the head weight
high-explosive multi-purpose. Corresponding to the airborne version
is 5.1 meters long and 1300 kg of which 450 kg is the weight
BROACH-type head. The airborne version achieves greater
a cruising speed of 0,95 but it has a shorter range of 550 km. Comparative
Scalp Naval has a lower cruising speed of 0.85 but achieves twice as much
up to three times the range depending on the launch platform. Role in it plays
the different engine between the two missiles. Scalp Naval wears
the single flow TR50 turbojet engine that gives high strength an element
necessary to achieve a very long range. A rocket that
is launched from a surface unit such as the FREMM frigates and to the immediate
future and FDI HN frigates achieve a maximum range of 1400 km while
respectively a rocket launched by a submarine such as Barracuda or
Scorpione achieves 1000 km range. From surface units
rocket is launched by the vertical launcher A70 Sylver. In the submarine
Launched version the rocket is enclosed in a special capsule to enable it to
is hit by submarine torpedo tubes and then reach up
surface without the main rocket contacting the liquid element. THE
rocket uses inertial guidance (INS) and GPS along with TERCOM/TERPROM while in the final phase approach
uses an infrared system. CEP is believed to be in one class
of measures.
MdCN is a low-observance cruise rocket with:
- flight very low altitude,
- Very accurate,
- radar avoidance capability,
- INS/GPS and TERCOM guidance,
- possibility to attack high-value targets.
JSM-SL: The underwater evolution of Joint Strike
Missile
On 30 September 2024 it was signed between Naval Group and the Dutch Ministry of Defence
contract building four conventional propulsion submarines based on
French design nuclear attack submarine SSN class Barracuda. One of the basic conditions of the Dutch
was the possibility of carrying and firing cruise missiles. The specific submarine
It has been accepted in comparison with competition that this possibility has been accepted through
MdCN. But the Dutch had asked for
incorporation of the American Tomahawk Block V.
The Dutch had the misfortune that both of these rockets were practically
They weren't available. Similarly, the nominations of the Swedish and Swedish
Spanish with the Amrics Tomahawk did not have anything to offer in essence
while the Germans in the new U-212 CD generation have not so far built-in rocket
against surface units.
In this context, the Dutch started cooperation with the Spanish under
Norwegian Kongsberg guidance on developing a submarine
Launched version of the long-range JSM (joint strike Missile) airborne cruise rocket developed for the F-35 JSF. JSM in turn is an advanced version of NSM with 50% larger
range and combines the ability to attack both land and seamen
targets over very long distances. According to the manufacturer the range
exceeds 350 km for air launch although there are reports
that this range exceeds 550 km. NSM and JSM are essentially rockets of the same
family and are or are to be in the arsenals of many
European armed forces in the next few years either with Air Force (JSM) or Navy (NSM) and JSM SL are to supplement
This family in the Third Dimension. In this way the specific
family is to become pan-European covering ranges up to 350
A mile.
JSM-SL aims to create a stealth cruise missile with:
- low observation,
- Very accurate,
- sea-skimming flight capability,
- flexible offensive path,
- the possibility to attack maritime and land objectives.
The logic behind the development of the system is to transfer
JSM capabilities in an underwater war environment. The design gives
special emphasis on survival in an advanced air defence environment. Although
many details remain confidential or under development, analyses report
that JSM-SL is expected to have:
- subsonic high speed,
- stealth design,
- Infrared imaging sensor;
- INS/GPS guidance,
- possibility of autonomous path selection.
These three systems show the general direction of modern
military technology:
- greater accuracy,
- stealth characteristics,
- stand-off hits,
- platform survival,
- The European Union's relations with the countries of Central and Eastern Europe
Hyunmoo-4-4 represents the new generation of conventional ballistics SLBM, SCALP
Naval the mature strategic power of cruisemissiles, while JSM-SL shows
The future of stealth naval weapons of multiple roles. Their common feature
is that they allow a country to hit high-value targets from large
distances, with minimal response time for the opponent and increased
survival for the launch platform.
